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How Laser Therapy Works
 For the Laser Therapy to be successful, the laser must be powerful enough to deliver photons to the target tissue (tissue penetration) in a sufficient dose and at the same time be weak enough to cause no damage to the living cells. Another words laser must produce powerful but gentle beam.
This technological dilemma was finally solved with introduction of new generation super-pulse lasers. These lasers are able to deliver repeated bursts of light lasting fraction of a second with power of tens or hundreds of Watts and still have low average power well below 1 Watt. This assures deep tissue penetration and zero thermal.
Once the particles of light, or photons enter the cell, they trigger multitude of bio-chemical reactions which result in increase level of ATP (Adenosino-Tri-Phospate), stabilization of cellular membranes, activation of so called gene expression, etc..
The most prominent effect of Laser Therapy is increase of ATP level in mitochondria - tiny intracellular powerhouses. Mitochondria have only one function - they produce ATP which is a vital bio-energy compound that keeps the cells alive. Cells that utilize large amount of energy, contain thousands of mitochondria in their cytoplasms (body of cell). Many degenerative diseases and process of aging are associated with "mitochondrial dysfunction" that leads to state of low intracellular energy.
Photons from laser light are picked up in mitochondria by photochromes (chemical particles able to absorb photons) which has stimulating effect on production of ATP reversing mitochondrial dysfunction.
Overall the Laser Therapy increases the level of intracellular energy and has stabilizing effect on cells. Laser Therapy does not stimulate cells - it increases the level of homeostasis (biologic stability of cells), which restores cellular function. Once cellular function is restored the process of repair can begin.
On tissue level, Laser Therapy has short term as well as long term effects.
In the short term, Laser Therapy has powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, increases lymph and blood flow, decreases edema, causes release of endorphins (body chemicals responsible for well being and control of pain).
In the long term, Laser Therapy facilitates tissue repair and regeneration. Scientific work shows that all tissues can repair themselves once favorable conditions are restored. Even such complex organs as brain can grow new cells to replace dying ones. Laser Therapy will undoubtedly become an effective addition to regenerative medicine in the future.
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